If one knows their mother tongue and then adds other languages to it, that is empowerment
Ngugi wa Thiong'o (Distinguished Kenyan Professor and Novelist) explains (cited at Ekegusii Online dictionary and encyclopedia): One of the roots of our problem in Kenya and Africa; is that we begin our education by alienating a child from the language of their everyday culture, their mother tongue. An education system that is founded on a negative conception of self is seriously flawed. It’s an education that aims at producing educated slaves. | |
If one learns all the languages of the world and does not know their mother tongue, that is enslavement. But if one knows their mother tongue and then adds all the other languages to it, that is empowerment.1 | |
A Gusii child should know and master Gusii language very well; then she or he should add Kiswahili to it, master it as well as EkeGusii. Then add to these two English and master it as well. The result will be an empowered Gusii.2 | |
Keeping in mind the central transformative promise of the #2030Agenda for Sustainable Development — Leaving no one behind- #unsdcf018 — Equal empowerment of all people through respect for all languages must be major drivers of a Platform for sharing digital public goods! |
Delivering on the promise of #LeavingNoOneBehind to a person becomes harder when that person's mother tongue has fewer native speakers. Yet only when we recognize these barriers (constraints), we can develop the digital skills, attitudes and platforms to overcome them cooperatively: Global Digital Cooperation - #digicoop5a.
The table below lists the languages with the biggest challenges first3.
- 100,000 - 500,000
- 500,000 < 1 million
- 1 to 5 million
- 5 to 25 million
- 25 to 125 million
- > 125 million
- < 100,000
- Abkhazian (190,000) Georgia
- Anuak (140,000) Ethiopia, South Sudan
- Aringati (495,000) Uganda
- Aromanian (250,000) Greece, Albania, Romania, Macedonia, Serbia, Bulgaria, Turkey
- Asturian (351,000) Spain
- Breton (210,000) France
- Bura (250,000) Nigeria
- Buryat (330,000) Russia, Mongolia, China
- Chamic (280,000) Cambodia, Vietnam, Thailand, China
- ChiNambya (100,000) Zimbabwe, Botswana
- Cinyungwe (440,000) Mozambique
- Corsican (125,000) France, Italy
- Dhopadhola (480,000) Uganda
- Divehi (340,000) Maldives,India
- Dongxiang (200,000) China
- Ecizinza (140,000) Tanzania
- Enga (230,000) Papua New Guinea
- Erzya (430,000) Russia
- Fijian (350-450,000) Fiji
- Friulan (420,000) Italy
- Irish (170,000) Ireland
- Gayo (100,000) Indonesia
- Gilbertese (120,000) Kiribati
- Gitonga (380,000) Mozambique
- Gonja (230,000) Ghana
- Grebo (390,000) Liberia
- Lugwere (410,000) Uganda
- Herero (212,000) Namibia, Botswana, Angola
- Hiri Motu (120,000) Papua New Guinea
- Hyam (300,000) Nigeria
- Icelandic (314,000) Iceland
- Kumam (270,000) Uganda
- Ikwerre (200,000) Nigeria
- Tjikalanga (338,000) Zimbabwe, Botswana
- Kalanguya (100,000) Philippines
- Karachay-Balkar (310,000) Russia
- Kasem (250,000) Ghana, Burkina Faso
- Kashubian (108,000) Poland
- Olukhayo (130,000) Kenya
- Khoekhoegowab (200,000) Namibia
- Kidawida (370,000) Kenya
- Karachay-Balkar (160,000) Russia
- Kumyk (450,000) Russia
- Sabinyi (181,000) Uganda
- Rukwangali (152,000) Namibia and Angola
- Ladino (400,000) Israel, Spain, Turkey, Greece, Morocco, Bulgaria, Serbia, Tunisia
- Lámnso´ (250,000) Cameroon
- Lunyole (Kenya) (310,000) Kenya
- Lunyole (Uganda) (340,000) Uganda
- Lusamia (480,000) Uganda, Kenya
- Ma´di (320,000) Uganda, South Sudan
- Mambilla (Nigeria) (130,000) Nigeria
- Mampruli (230,000) Ghana
- Mandar (480,000) Indonesia
- Mongo (400,000) Congo, Dem. Rep.
- Mumuye (400,000) Nigeria
- Navajo (169,000) United Sates, Mexico
- Ngoni (311,000) Mozambique
- Olunyala (357,000) Kenya
- Nzima (412,000) Ghana, Ivory Coast
- Obolo (250,000) Nigeria
- Wanga (404,000) Kenya
- Herero (211,700) Namibia, Botswana, Angola
- Otuho (140,000) South Sudan
- Papiamento (413,000) Aruba, Curaçao, Bonaire (Caribbean Netherlands)
- Runyoro-Rutooro (490,000) Uganda
- Tetum (390,000) East Timor
- Tuvan (280,000) Russia, Mongolia, China
- Udmurt (340,000) Russia
- Zapotec (450,000) Mexico
The availability of educational reading materials in a language, and the provision of these materials via #isic9101 - Library and archives activities is essential for pupils to achieve a sufficient literacy.
The level of Wikipedia development for a large number of languages in the world is reported at: …
The backlinks below usually do not include the child and sibling items, nor the pages in the breadcrumbs.
- Abkhazian
- Achehnese
- Acholi
- Adangme
- Adi
- Adja
- Adyghe
- Afar
- Affordance
- Affordance centric principle
- Afrikaans
- Aguaruna
- Akan
- Albanian
- Alemannic
- Algerian arabic
- Alur
- Amharic
- Anal
- Angami
- Angika
- Anii
- Antiguan Creole
- Antillean Creole
- Anuak
- Ao
- Arabic
- Arabic, Egyptian Spoken
- Aragonese
- Aringati
- Armenian
- Aromanian
- Assamese
- Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
- Asturian
- Ateso
- Avaric
- Awadhi
- Awa Pit
- Aymara
- Azerbaijani
- Babanki
- Bahamian Creole
- Bajan
- Balinese
- Balti
- Baluchi
- Bambara
- Banda
- Banjarese
- Banyumasan
- Baoulé
- Bariba
- Bashkir
- Basque
- Batak
- Batak Karo
- Batak Simalungun
- Beja
- Belarusian
- Belizean Creole
- Bemba
- Bengali
- Betawi
- Bhili
- Bhojpuri
- Bhotia
- Bhumij
- Bikol
- Bini
- Bishnupuriya
- Bislama
- Blin
- Bodo
- Bosnian
- Brahui
- Braj
- Breton
- Buginese
- Bukusu
- Bulgarian
- Bura
- Burmese
- Burushaski
- Buryat
- Cameroonian Creole
- Cañar–Loja
- Carib
- Catalan
- Cebuano
- Central Atlas Tamazight
- Central Bikol
- Central Makhuwa
- Central Product Classification v. 2.1
- Chadian Arabic
- Chakhesang/Chakru/Chokri
- Chaldean Neo-Aramaic
- Cham
- Chamic
- Chamorro
- Chang
- Chavacano
- Chayahuita
- Chechen
- Cherokee
- Cheyenne
- Chichewa
- Chimborazo
- ChiNambya
- ChiNdau
- Chinese
- Chinkhonde
- Chipewyan
- ChiTonga
- Choctaw
- Ch'ol
- Chontal
- Ch’orti’
- Chuj
- Chuukese
- Chuvash
- Cicopi
- Cinyungwe
- Cisena
- Classification of the Functions of Government (COFOG)
- Coorgi/Kodagu
- Corsican
- Cree
- Creek
- Crimean Tatar
- Croatian
- Cuzco Quechua (Quechuan)
- Czech
- Dagaare
- Dagbani
- Dagur
- Dan
- Dangaura Tharu
- Danish
- Dari
- Datooga
- Dazaga
- Dendi
- Deori
- Dholuo
- Dhopadhola
- #digicoop1b - Platform for sharing digital public goods
- Dimasa
- Dinka
- Divehi
- Dogri
- Dombe
- Dongxiang
- Dotyali
- Duala
- Dutch
- Dyula
- Dzongkha
- Eastern Tamang
- East Limba
- Ebira
- Echuwabo
- Ecizinza
- Efik
- Ekajuk
- Elomwe
- Emilian
- Enga
- English
- Erzya
- Estonian
- Evenki
- Éwé
- Ewondo
- Fang
- Fante
- Faroese
- Farsi
- Fijian
- Fiji Hindi
- Filipino
- Finnish
- Fon
- Forro
- French
- French Guiana Creole
- Frisian
- Friulan
- Fulah
- Ga
- Gadaba
- Gaelic
- Gagauz
- Galician
- Gan
- Gangte
- Garifuna
- Garo
- Gayo
- Gen
- Georgian
- German
- Gikuyu
- Gilaki
- Gilbertese
- Gitonga
- Gondi
- Gonja
- Google Translate
- Gorontalo
- Gourmanché
- Grebo
- Greek
- Grenadian Creole
- Guarani
- Guinea-Bissau Creole
- Gujarati
- Gurene
- Gurindji
- Gusii
- Guyanese Creole
- Hadiyya
- Haitian Creole
- Hakka
- Halabi
- Halam
- Hani
- Hassanya
- Hausa
- Hawaiian
- Hawaiian Pidgin English
- Hazaragi
- Hebrew
- Herero
- Hiligaynon
- Hindi
- Hiri Motu
- Hmar
- Hmong
- Ho
- Huastec
- Hungarian
- Hunsrik
- Hyam
- Iban
- Ibibio
- Icelandic
- Igala
- Igbo
- Ikwerre
- Ilokano
- Imbabura
- Indonesian
- Ingush
- International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC), Rev. 4
- Inuktitut
- Iraqw
- Irish
- IsiNdebele
- ISO 639 - Language codes
- Italian
- Jamaican Patois
- Japanese
- Jatapu/Khond/Kondh
- Javanese
- Juang
- Kabardian
- Kabiye
- Kabui/Zeliang
- Kabuverdianu
- Kabyle
- Kachin
- Kakwa
- Kalaallisut
- Kalanguya
- Kalmyk
- Kamba
- Kanembu
- Kannada
- Kanuri
- Kaonde
- Kapampangan
- Kaqchikel
- Karachay-Balkar
- Karakalpak
- Karbi/Mikir
- Karelian
- Karen
- Kasem
- Kashmiri
- Kashubian
- Kazakh
- Khakas
- Khalkha
- Khandeshi
- Kharia
- Khasi
- Khezha
- Khiemnungan
- Khmer
- Khoekhoegowab
- K’iche’an
- K'icheʼ
- Kidawida
- KiGiryama
- Kikongo ya leta
- Kimbundu
- Kîmîîrû
- Kinnauri
- Kinyarwanda
- Kirundi
- Kisan
- Kituba
- Koch
- Koda/Kora
- Kolami
- Kom
- Komi
- Konda
- Kongo
- Konkani
- Konso
- Konyak
- Korean
- Korku
- Korwa
- Koya
- Koyraboro Senni
- Kpelle
- Krio
- Kru
- Kui
- Kuki/Thado
- Kumam
- Kumyk
- Kurdish
- Kurukh
- Kuteb
- Kyrgyz
- Ladakhi
- Ladino
- Lahauli
- Lak
- Lakher
- Lakota Dida
- Lalung
- Lámnso´
- Language (pdf/print friendly)
- Lao
- Latgalian
- Latvian
- Learning in the age of digital interdepence
- Leblango
- Lepcha
- Lhukonzo
- Liangmei
- Liberian Kreyol
- Lifeworld
- Ligurian
- Likpakpaanl
- Limbu
- Limburgish
- Lingala
- Literate Person
- Lithuanian
- Lombard
- Lori
- Lotha
- Low German
- Lozi
- Luganda
- Lugbarati
- Lugwere
- Lukenye
- Lulogoli
- Lumasaaba
- Lunyole (Kenya)
- Lunyole (Uganda)
- Lusamia
- Lushai/Mizo
- Lusoga
- Luxembourgish
- Macedonian
- Ma´di
- Madurese
- Magahi
- Maithili
- Makasar
- Makhuwa-Marrevone
- Makhuwa-Meetto
- Makhuwa-Saka
- Makhuwa-Shirima
- Malagasy
- Malawi Lomwe
- Malay
- Malayalam
- Malgwa
- Maltese
- Malto
- Mam
- Mamara
- Mambilla (Nigeria)
- Mampruli
- Mandar
- Mandarin
- Mandinka
- Maninka
- Manipuri (Meitei)
- Manx
- Mao
- Maori
- Mapudungun
- Maram
- Marathi
- Mari
- Maring
- Marshallese
- Marwari
- Masai
- Mauritian Creole
- Mazanderani
- Meadow Mari
- MECE principle
- MECE violations
- Mende
- Minangkabau
- Mirandese
- Mishmi
- Miskito
- Moba
- Modern Mon
- Mogh
- Moksha
- Mongo
- Mongolian
- Monpa
- Mopan
- Moroccan Arabic
- Mossi
- Mumuye
- Munda
- Mundari
- Nahuatl
- Nakhi
- Nandi
- Nauru
- Navajo
- Ndebele North
- Ndonga
- Neapolitan
- Nenets
- Nepali
- Newari
- Ngakarimojong
- Ng'aturkana
- Ngbaka Minagende
- Ngoni
- Nias
- Nicobarese
- Nigerian Pidgin
- Nissi/Dafla
- Nobiin
- Nocte
- Nogai
- Northern Pashto
- Northern Sami
- Northern Sotho
- Norwegian
- Nuer
- Nuosu
- Nupe
- Nyamwezi
- Nyankole
- Nyoro
- Nzima
- Obolo
- Occitan
- Odia
- Ojibwa
- Olukabarasi
- Olukhayo
- Olunyala
- Olunyaneka
- Online content and encyclopedia gaps
- Oromo
- Oshikwanyama
- Ossetian
- Otetela
- Otomi
- Otuho
- Paez
- Paite
- Palauan
- Pangasinan
- Papantla Totonac
- Papiamento
- Parji
- Pashto
- Pawi
- Phom
- Picard
- Pico journey
- Pilagá
- Pochury
- Pohnpeian
- Pokomo
- Polish
- Portuguese
- Pular
- Punjabi
- Purepecha
- Q’anjob’alan
- Q'eqchi'
- Quechua
- Querétaro Otomi
- Rabha
- Rai
- Rajasthani
- Ramoaaina
- Rarotongan
- Rengma
- Réunion Creole
- Romagnol
- Romani
- Romanian
- Romansh
- Rukiga
- Rukwangali
- Runyoro-Rutooro
- Russian
- Sabinyi
- Sambaa
- Samoan
- Samogitian
- Sandawe
- Sango
- Sangtam
- Sanskrit
- Santali
- Saraiki
- Saramaccan
- Sardinian
- Sasak
- Scots
- Sema
- Serbian
- Serer
- Sesotho
- Seychellois Creole
- Shan
- Sherpa
- Shilha
- Shilluk
- Shina
- Shona
- Sicilian
- Sidamo
- Side
- Sidecpc
- Sierra Totonac
- Silesian
- Silte
- Sindhi
- Sinhala
- Sioux
- SiSwati
- Slovak
- Slovenian
- Social Order (scope)
- Somali
- Soninke
- Sora/Savara
- Southern Altai
- Southern Balochi
- Southern Min
- Southern Pashto
- Southwestern Mandarin
- Spanish
- Sranan (other, Creoles and Pidgins)
- Standard Arabic
- Sukuma
- Sundanese
- Susu
- Swabian
- Swahili
- Swedish
- Tadaksahak
- #tagcodingHandbook - Discussion
- Tahitian
- Tajik
- Takia
- Tamasheq
- Tamil
- Tangkhul
- Tangsa
- Tarifit
- Tatar
- Tawellemmet
- Telugu
- Tetum
- Thai
- The Intercontinental Dictionary Series
- The World Loanword Database (WOLD)
- Thimbukushu
- Tibetan
- Ticuna
- Tigre
- Tigrinya
- Timne
- Tiv
- Tjikalanga
- Toba
- Toba Batak
- Tojolabal
- Tok Pisin
- Tolai
- Tongan
- Tripuri
- Tshiluba
- Tsonga
- Tswana
- Tubu
- Tulu
- Tumbuka
- Tunisian
- Turkish
- Turkmen
- Tuvaluan
- Tuvan
- Twi
- Tzeltal
- Tzotzil
- Udmurt
- Ukrainian
- Umbundu
- Upper Saxon German
- Upper Sorbian
- Urdu
- Urhobo
- Uyghur
- Uzbek
- Vai
- Vaiphei
- Venda
- Venetian
- Vietnamese
- Virgin Islands Creole
- Vlax Romani
- Walamo
- Walloon
- Wancho
- Wanga
- Waray
- Warlpiri
- Waskia
- Wayuu
- Welcome
- Welsh
- West-Central Limba
- Western Malinka
- Wolof
- Wu
- Xhosa
- Xitswa
- Xy
- Yakut
- Yao
- Yaqui
- Yiddish
- Yimchungre
- Yocoboué Dida
- Yoruba
- Yucatec Maya
- Yue Chinese
- Zande
- Zapotec
- Zaramo
- Zarma
- Zaza
- Zemi
- Zhuang
- Zigula
- Zou
- Zulu
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